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Elixirs Floraux </a> </li> <li> <a href="http://pagesperso-orange.fr/terre.des.plantes/" target="_blank"> Association nantaise "Terre des Plantes" </a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.liensetlieux.com/" target="_blank"> Traditions...Bien-Etre...Art et Créations </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="ads ads-160x600"> <div id="_dca55f1"></div> </div> </article> <!--js-startpost--> <article class="post"> <header> <!-- post date --> <time class="date" datetime="2008-11-13T17:53:00+01:00">13 Novembre 2008</time> <!-- post author --> <p class="author"> Publié par <span>Esprit Nature</span> </p> <!-- post title --> <h1 class="post-title title"> <a class="permalink" href="http://www.phytovox.fr/article-24645652.html" title="Avant propos : Outre l'oxygène et la santé, le monde végétal apporte à l'homme de quoi se nourrir, se chauffer, se vêtir et teindre ses vêtements. Certaines plantes tinctoriales, comme le pastel ou la garance ont contribué à l'enrichissement et à la notoriété..."> LES PLANTES TINCTORIALES de la préhistoire à nos jours </a> </h1> </header> <!-- post body --> <div class="body"> <div class="ob-sections"> <div class="ob-section ob-section-html " > <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color:#000000;"><em><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Avant propos :</span></span><br /> <br /> Outre l'oxygène et la santé, le monde végétal apporte à l'homme de quoi se nourrir, se chauffer, se vêtir et teindre ses vêtements. </span></em><br /> <br /> Certaines plantes tinctoriales, comme le <span style="font-size: 12pt;"><strong>pastel</strong></span> ou la <span style="font-size: 12pt;"><strong>garance</strong></span> ont contribué à l'enrichissement et à la notoriété de certaines régions Françaises.<br /> <br /> L'avènement de la chimie de synthèse a permis l'obtention de nouvelles fibres et de nombreux colorants et pigments.<br /> <br /> <br /> <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><strong><span style="background-color: rgb(192, 192, 192);"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">Ces molécules ont détrôné les colorants végétaux,<br /> mais pour combien de temps ?</span></span></strong></span></span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color:#000000;"> <br /> <img alt="Pastel" class="GcheTexte" height="152" src="http://idata.over-blog.com/2/03/65/85/Pastel.jpg" style="margin: 0px; border: #000 0px solid;" width="166" /></span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color:#000000;">Il semble que dès le début de l'humanité, l'homme est voulu reproduire les couleurs qui l'environnent, alors quoi de plus naturel que de vouloir reproduire le ciel.<br /> Dès le début du Néolithique, les habitants de la Provence connaissaient et utilisaient le <span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">bleu du</span> <em><strong>Pastel</strong></em></span> (<em>Isatis tinctoria</em>) pour teindre leurs étoffes de lin et de chanvre en bleu clair. (caverne de l'Adaouste. Bouche du Rhône).<br /> Des graines de <em><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Gaude</span></strong></em> (<em>Reseda</em> <em>luteola</em>) ont été retrouvées dans des fouilles d'une cité lacustre des alpes suisses datant de cette époque.<br /> Puis la connaissance et l'utilisation de plantes tinctoriales s'accroient et s'exportent. D'autres plantes tinctoriales sont découvertes.<br /> <br /> <span style="font-size: 18pt;"><strong>Les grandes civilisations et la couleur</strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color:#000000;"><img alt="Garance" class="DrteTexte" height="154" src="http://idata.over-blog.com/2/03/65/85/Paste_2008-11-11_16-33-39.jpg" style="margin: 0px; border: #000 0px solid;" width="167" /></span></li> <li style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color:#000000;">Les Egyptiens colorent leurs étoffes, en rouge, avec le <span style="font-size: 12pt;"><strong>carthame</strong></span> et la <strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;">garance</span></strong>, en bleu avec le <strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;">pastel</span></strong>. </span></li> <li style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color:#000000;"> Les Grecs apprécient la <strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;">garance</span></strong> qu'ils nomment <em>Erythrodanon</em>, qui donne le rouge, et découvrent ses propriétés médicinales.</span></li> <li style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color:#000000;"> Les Romains et les Perses utilisent le Safran à la fois comme remède et comme teinture.</span></li> <li style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color:#000000;"> Mais ce sont surtout les Civilisations Celtes qui ont promu l'utilisation des plantes colorantes, ainsi la Civilisation des <em>Britanni</em> et des <em>Picti</em>, peuplant l'actuelle Grande Bretagne. Ces populations ont fortement impressionné César et Pline. Pour César, " Tous les Bretons ont accoutume de se teindre avec le <strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;">pastel</span></strong>, qui fait la couleur bleue, pour ressembler plus horrible en guerre". D'autres auteurs racontent que les femmes et les filles de ces populations se mettaient nues et s'enduisaient le corps <span style="font-size: 10pt;">de Guede</span> (<strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Pastel</span></strong>) avant de participer à certaines cérémonies religieuses.</span></li> </ul> <p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#000000;"><span style="background-color: rgb(192, 192, 192);"><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Pour les auteurs de cette époque,<br /> la Grande Bretagne était le pays "des hommes peints".<br /> <br /> D'ailleurs, le nom même de Breton, <em>Brython</em>,<br /> vient directement du mot Gallois <em>bryth</em> voulant dire peinture.<br /> La population <em>Picte</em> a donné, elle, le terme de <em>pictural</em>.</span></strong></span></span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><br /> <span style="color:#000000;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><strong><span style="font-size: 18pt;">L'âge d'or des plantes tinctoriales.</span></strong></span></span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color:#000000;">Au Moyen-âge, l'utilisation des colorants végétaux se développe, "la tradition attestée par les siècles ne se discute pas". L'artisanat de la teinture gagne ses lettres de noblesse. Quelques siècles plus tard, l'art de la teinture est devenu une industrie et la culture des plantes tinctoriales s'est développée. En France, le <em><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Pastel</span></strong></em> est cultivé dans la région de Toulouse, la <em><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Gaude</span></strong></em> dans les vallées du Rhône et du Roussillon, la <em><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Garance</span></strong></em> et le <em><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Safran</span></strong></em> dans le Comtat Venaissin.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color:#000000;">Ces plantes ont permis l'obtention des colorants ayant servis à teindre les célèbres Tapisseries (Gobelins, etc...) Ainsi que les soies qui ont fait la réputation de la ville de Lyon. Chacun a également en mémoire le pantalon rouge "<strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;">garance</span></strong>" porté par le régiment des Zouaves ou la couleur bleu <strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;">pastel</span></strong> de la toile colorée au "bleu de Gènes" qui, portée aux nues par les Pionniers Américains, reviendra en Europe sous le nom de "Blue jean".</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color:#000000;">Les régions productrices de ces plantes prennent un essor considérable. Un négoce international s'instaure, l'économie se développe, la région prospère. Mais au XIX ème siècle, la chimie est en pleine expansion. Les chimistes isolent les molécules colorantes responsables et bientôt en font la synthèse. En dix ans le prix de la poudre de <strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Garance</span></strong> chute de 200 Frs le quintal à 25 Frs, la culture de la plante cesse. L'<em>Indigo</em> tropical a supplanté le <em><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Pastel</span></strong></em>, l'économie de la Région Toulousaine décroît. Le début du XX ème siècle voit la production industrielle de l'<em>Indigo</em> de synthèse, le règne du <em>Pastel</em> s'affaiblit considérablement.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color:#000000;">Parallèlement, les progrès réalisés en chimie permettent l'élaboration de nouvelles fibres. Le <strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Chanvre</span></strong>, le <strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Lin</span></strong>, la <strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Laine</span></strong>, la <strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Soie</span></strong>, le <strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Coton</span></strong> sont bientôt remplacés par des fibres textiles de synthèse : chlorofibres, viscose, polyesters, etc.</span></p> <p id="yui_3_5_0_1_1412616744059_30776" style="text-align: center;"><br /> <span style="color:#000000;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;"><span style="background-color: rgb(192, 192, 192);">Le tissage artisanal est remplacé par l'industrie textile. C'est le début de "l'ère du prêt à porter".<br /> <br /> L'usage des plantes tinctoriales devient désuet!</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="http://esprit-nature.over-blog.com/article-24854148.html"><span style="color:#000000;">Fin de l'article </span></a></p> <p id="yui_3_5_0_1_1412616744059_30784" style="text-align: justify;"><br /> <span id="yui_3_5_0_1_1412616744059_30783" style="color:#000000;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Alain Tessier</span></span></span></p> <p><span style="color:#000000;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Ethnobotaniste</span></span></p> <div class="ob-h3 "><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12pt;"><span class="876061414-29092011"><a href="http://www.phytovox.fr/pages/Rencontres_avec_Alain_TESSIER_Ethnobotaniste-686387.html"><span style="color:#000000;">En savoir plus sur les plantes</span></a></span></span></div> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color:#000000;">Pour en savoir beaucoup plus:</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color:#000000;">Guide des teintures naturelles. D. Cardon et G. du Chatenet. Ed Delachaux et Niesle</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> </div> </div> </div> <!-- post tag --> <div class="tag"> <p> <a href="/tag/articles%20phyto-aroma%28therapie%29/">#Articles Phyto-Aroma(thérapie)</a> </p> </div> <!-- Pagination --> <nav class="navigation"> <a href="http://www.phytovox.fr/article-24340849.html" class="prev"> La canneberge : Infection urinaire, cystite, ulcère de l'estomac, ... </a> <a href="http://www.phytovox.fr/article-24854148.html" class="next"> Fibres textiles et colorants naturels pour notre santé </a> </nav> <div class="ads ads-468x60"> <div id="_cc251d6"></div> </div> <footer class="footer"> <div class="ob-Newsletter"> <button class="ob-input ob-Newsletter-toggle">S'inscrire à la newsletter</button> <div class="ob-Newsletter-box"> <div class="ob-Newsletter-description">Pour être informé des derniers articles, inscrivez vous :</div> <form class="ob-Newsletter-form" action="/mail/subscribe?utm_source=_ob_abo_newsletter&utm_medium=_ob_bottom_article" method="post"> <input class="ob-input ob-Newsletter-input" type="email" name="email" placeholder="Saisissez votre email ici" required="required" /> <input class="ob-input ob-Newsletter-submit" type="submit" value="Valider" /> </form> </div> </div> <script> var toggle = document.querySelector(".ob-Newsletter-toggle") var box = document.querySelector(".ob-Newsletter-box") toggle.addEventListener("click", function (event) { box.classList.toggle("ob-Newsletter-box--open") }) </script> <div class="ob-Related"> <div class="ob-h3 ob-Related-title">Vous aimerez aussi :</div> <div class="ob-Related-posts"> <div class="ob-Related-post"> <div class="ob-RelatedPost"> <a class="ob-RelatedPost-link" href="http://www.phytovox.fr/2017/01/la-bourdaine-un-laxatif-cholagogue.html" title="La Bourdaine : un laxatif cholagogue"> <img class="ob-RelatedPost-image" src="https://image.over-blog.com/hIddwtGB-x61R4OnF1maJbpvnb4=/400x260/smart/filters:no_upscale()/image%2F1011795%2F20170114%2Fob_de5782_bourdaine.jpg" alt="La Bourdaine : un laxatif cholagogue"/> <div class="ob-RelatedPost-title" > La Bourdaine : un laxatif cholagogue </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="ob-Related-post"> <div class="ob-RelatedPost"> <a class="ob-RelatedPost-link" href="http://www.phytovox.fr/2015/07/decouverte-des-plantes-medicinales-a-marseille.html" title="Découverte des plantes médicinales à Marseille"> <img class="ob-RelatedPost-image" src="https://image.over-blog.com/4YlNByTZI3Z_h2cANneJntU_38Q=/400x260/smart/filters:no_upscale()/image%2F1011795%2F20150720%2Fob_4b9d03_image1.jpg" alt="Découverte des plantes médicinales à Marseille"/> <div class="ob-RelatedPost-title" > Découverte des plantes médicinales à Marseille </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="ob-Related-post"> <div class="ob-RelatedPost"> <a class="ob-RelatedPost-link" href="http://www.phytovox.fr/2015/04/le-galega-favorise-la-secretion-du-lait-amplifie-l-action-de-l-insuline-hypoglycemiante-limite-les-risques-dans-les-maladies.html" title="Le GALEGA : Favorise la sécrétion du lait – Amplifie l’action de l’insuline – Hypoglycémiante – Limite les risques dans les maladies cardio-vasculaires - Antiagrégante plaquettaire"> <img class="ob-RelatedPost-image" src="https://image.over-blog.com/l59gBH60EgfgEDtCiDF-MrW1-dM=/400x260/smart/filters:no_upscale()/image%2F1011795%2F20150412%2Fob_0c85f4_galega.jpg" alt="Le GALEGA : Favorise la sécrétion du lait – Amplifie l’action de l’insuline – Hypoglycémiante – Limite les risques dans les maladies cardio-vasculaires - Antiagrégante plaquettaire"/> <div class="ob-RelatedPost-title" > Le GALEGA : Favorise la sécrétion du lait – Amplifie l’action de l’insuline – Hypoglycémiante – Limite les risques dans les maladies cardio-vasculaires - Antiagrégante plaquettaire </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="ob-Related-post"> <div class="ob-RelatedPost"> <a class="ob-RelatedPost-link" href="http://www.phytovox.fr/2014/10/la-grande-camomille-recommandee-pour-combattre-les-migraines-l-arthrite-rhumatoide-et-les-douleurs-menstruelles.html" title="La Grande Camomille recommandée pour combattre les migraines, l'arthrite rhumatoïde et les douleurs menstruelles"> <img class="ob-RelatedPost-image" src="https://image.over-blog.com/PX1cOirneFTlwWouVwyCVgnjCuQ=/400x260/smart/filters:no_upscale()/image%2F1011795%2F20141005%2Fob_16327c_grande-camomille.jpg" alt="La Grande Camomille recommandée pour combattre les migraines, l'arthrite rhumatoïde et les douleurs menstruelles"/> <div class="ob-RelatedPost-title" > La Grande Camomille recommandée pour combattre les migraines, l'arthrite rhumatoïde et les douleurs menstruelles </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 970px) { .ob-Related-posts { display: -webkit-box; 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Comme précisé dans la rubrique pour en savoir beaucoup plus tu pourras consulter l'excellent ouvrage de référence<br /> : Guide des teintures naturelles. D. Cardon et G. du Chatenet. Ed Delachaux et Niesle. A moins qu'il ne s'agisse que d'une demande complémentaire.<br /> <br /> En te souhaitant de très belles réalisations pour 2009<br /> <br /> <br /> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script> var isCommentAppInitialized = false; function initCommentApp(){ if(!isCommentAppInitialized){ ob.initCommentApp(document.querySelector("#ob-comments"), {"postID":44332373,"locale":"fr","I18N":{"reply":"R\u00e9pondre","moderated":"Votre commentaire a bien \u00e9t\u00e9 envoy\u00e9.<br\/>Il s\u2019affichera une fois approuv\u00e9 par le propri\u00e9taire du blog.","recaptcha_disclaimer":"Ce site est prot\u00e9g\u00e9 par reCAPTCHA et les <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferer,noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/policies.google.com\/privacy\">Politiques de confidentialit\u00e9<\/a> et <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferer,noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/policies.google.com\/terms\">Conditions de service<\/a> de Google s'appliquent.","recaptcha_expired":"recaptcha_expired","recaptcha_error":"recaptcha_error","more_comments":"Charger plus de commentaires","more_replies":"Charger plus de r\u00e9ponses","author":"Auteur","name_placeholder":"Nom","email_placeholder":"Email","website_placeholder":"Site web","comment_placeholder":"Votre commentaire","send_comment":"Envoyer le commentaire","comment_with_overblog":"Commenter avec votre compte Overblog","logout":"Se d\u00e9connecter","add_comment":"Ajouter un commentaire","generic_error":"Es ist ein Fehler aufgetreten, bitte versuchen Sie es sp\u00e4ter noch einmal"}}); 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